The Association of IgM and IgG with severity of coronavirus disease in Iraqi population

Abstract

Background: SARS-Cov-2 is the trigger pathogen for Coronavirus disease (COVID-19). Infected human with COVID-19 may be symptomatic with mild, moderate, severe or critical illness or asymptomatic. The serological test is valuable for affirm the infected patient who diagnosis by Real time reverse transcriptase (RT-PCR) protocol. Objective: The intended of this research is to verify the association of IgM and IgG responses against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) with severity of disease. Methods: A 159 infected patients who admitted to Hospital of AL-Sader Teaching in Al Najaf city were enrolled. The IgM and IgG levels were measured for severe and non-severe group at various time interval after symptom of onset via chemiluminescence immunoassay. Results: The data reveal significant higher level in IgG (102.5± 29.55) and IgM (15.6 ± 17.5) in sever group compared to non-severe group IgG (80.1±35.88) and IgM (9.74±14.1). Also the results exhibit that the mean ages for severe group (67.5 ± 7.5) were statistically significant older in compares with those for non-severe group (51.9 ± 15.6.6) (P value 0.001).The IgM reach maximum peak with in day 9–14 then begin decline sharply, while IgG increase over time and reach peak response from two to three week and still maintained an upward trend after 20 days then start to wane at a slower rate compare with IgM . both IgG and IgM levels show a significant elevation in severe group compared to non-severe group when tested during (15-20 days) and (21-26 days) for IgG and during (9-14days) for IgM. Conclusion: This study was concluded that IgG and IgM anti-SARSCoV-2 levels was significantly higher among severe comparison with non- severe group. In addition it was notice that the IgG and IgM were significantly increment in elderly patient.