Chemical Profiling, And Biological Investigation of (Silybum Marianum L.) Seed in Iraq

Abstract

The main objective of the current study was to evaluate the Chemical Profiling, and Biological Investigation of (Silybum Marianum L.) Seed in Iraq, Sylibum marianum seeds were purchased from the local market in AL-Muthanna and Baghdad. The study was comprised of two phases. In 1st phase, nutritional composition, that is, moisture, Lipid, protein, and ash, was determined according to their respective methods. Moreover, The identification of free amino acids, Fatty acids, and individual phenolic compounds was performed by an amino acid analyzer, Gas chromatography GC, and High-Performance Liquid chromatography (HPLC) respectively in 2nd phase. The result Silybum Marianum seeds are rich in Carbohydrate, protein, and lipids content which was 54.732 g/100 g, 27.133 g/100 g, and 20.066 gL100g respectively. Silybum Marianum contains five fatty acids, Thirteen amino acids, five phenolic compounds, Ferulic acid, Gallic acid, Rutin, kaempferol, Qurcetine were 96.766, 86, 66, 13.1, 41.066 µg/gm identified as the major phenolic compound respectively. The present study indicated that seeds of S. marianum have phenolic contents. Therefore, Silybum marianum can be used as a potentially rich source of antioxidants and food preservatives. The results suggested that seeds from S. marianum might have potential health applications and provide opportunities to develop value-added products, suggesting that seeds of S. marianum would be useful for health by acting as bifunctional.