Effectiveness of Instructional Module on Knowledge, Perception on Early Menarche Among Adolescent Girls: A Systematic Review

Abstract

Background: Life is a dynamic process in which a different phase comes, and each life phase comes with different problems. Adolescence is a crucial time in women's lives, marked by the first menstrual period, a regular and desirable biological event, and significant substancial, emotional, cognitive, and social changes. Aim: This systematic review's objective is to summarize the effectiveness of instructional module on knowledge, perception on early menarche among adolescent girls, identify which instruments are most frequently used to interventional package on knowledge, perception on early menarche among adolescent girls and report on findings of the same. Method: According to PRISMA guidelines, we look through the articles indexed in PubMed, Psyc INFO, Web of science, and CINAHL database using a combination of several expressions including “adolescent girls” AND “early menarche OR “knowledge and perception”. Results: Five empirical studies were found to be pertinent to our research. A variety of instruments are used to evaluate the effectiveness of instructional module on knowledge, perception on early menarche among adolescent girls. We found that 73% girls had fairly adequate knowledge of menarche. The most of the girls 79.5% were unprepared for menarche. The primary source of information was mothers. About 80% of girls firmly believe that menstruation is an annoying event. Several women used sanitary napkins as an absorbent. There were highly statistically significant differences in the adolescent girls' overall knowledge and practice scores after completing the educational program p > 0.05. Conclusions: This review underlines that adolescent lacked adequate menstrual knowledge and skills in the pre-program phase. After the administration of the teaching program remarkable improvements in the knowledge and practice of the adolescent girls were noted. The educational intervention has thus successfully accomplish its goal of enhancing the knowledge and practice of menstrual hygiene.