Oral Manifestations in Hiv Positive Pediatric Patients in Developing Countries: A Systematic Review

Abstract

HIV positive children are found in high numbers in developing nations. Oral manifestations are prognostic markers of HIV and are considered to be the first sign of HIV in children. This review was undertaken to identify the oral manifestations in HIV positive children in developing nations. Based on the eligibility criteria, 7 studies were found. Oral candidiasis was found to be the most common oral manifestation. Gingivitis was also found to be high in HIV children, but due to the lack of disease-free controls, it cannot be confirmed if the disease was due to poor oral hygiene or due to HIV infection. The introduction of antiretroviral therapy was found to decrease the presence oral lesions. Early identification of oral lesions along with good oral hygiene may help to increase the quality of life in HIV positive children.