Clinical Practice Guidelines for Oral Health Management in HIV Patients

Abstract

In 1983, the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) was first isolated and later it was identified as the cause of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). The major cause for the spread of HIV is through unprotected sex, during pregnancy from mother to foetus, through contaminated needles and infected blood transfusions. Contact with infected blood or other potentially infectious body fluids from HIV seropositive individuals are the main mode of transmission. Today, with the advancement of antiretroviral therapy, patients with HIV can live longer and have a better quality of life. Nevertheless, incorporating oral care as a part of their general health care is essential. HIV-positive patients can receive routine dental care and the dentist can follow the same rule as treating conventional healthy patients. Obtaining and reviewing a comprehensive medical history may help identify patients who may require treatment plans adapted to their unique medical conditions. Dentists and all staff with direct patient contact should comply with all standard precautions for all patients.