The Efficacy of a Nurse-Led Program in Improving the Dietary Knowledge and Practice of Patients with Kidney Stone

Abstract

Renal stone disease is a major public health concern all over the world. Improving patients 'awareness can influence disease progression and the quality of life. Aim: The study aimed to explore the efficacy of a nurse-led program in improving dietary knowledge and practice for patients with kidney stones. Design: Quasi-experimental research design was used in this study. Setting: The research was carried out in the Urology Outpatient Clinic at Damanhour University Hospital, Egypt. Sample: Non-probability purposive sampling technique was used to select a sample of 200 patients with kidney stones who were randomly assigned into two groups, 100 for each of the study and control groups. Tools: Three tools were used for data collection: Tool (I): Patients' interview questionnaire sheet, Tool (II): Perceived dietary adherence questionnaire, and Tool (III): Barriers to consuming a healthy diet questionnaire. Results: The study found that 74% of patients in the study group adhered to the diet post- nurse-led program, while the majority (92.0%) of patients in the control group did not. After implementation, the high barriers decreased to 35% in the study group compared to the control group, with a statistically significant difference between the two groups at p <0.01. There was a highly statistically significant difference between the study and control groups after the implementation of the nurse-led program in total knowledge and practice of fluid drink and total practice of food at p < 0.001. Conclusion: The study results concluded that a nurse-led program was an effective and feasible approach to improving the dietary knowledge and practice of patients with kidney stones. Recommendations: the study recommended a continued nurse-led program regarding the renal stone for patients that might be geared to enhance their knowledge, reported practices, and quality of life.